Business Plan 101 - The Financial Section

No part of the business plan is more important than thepre-launch startup expenses will be as well as the
financial section. It is here that the plan can fail if theneeds for additional working capital going forward.
needs of funders are not taken into account. ThePro Forma Financial Statements
financials should include the following key information:Finally, a full set of pro forma (projected) financial
Financial Summarystatements should be included in the appendices of the
A simple, five year financial summary should show thebusiness plan. These financial statements must be
expected growth in revenues and profit over thecompletely consistent with the financial summary and
years, as well as expenses (yes, expenses do havesources and uses of funds described earlier. The
to rise to allow for increased revenues). This type ofstatements include the income statement (sometimes
summary can go further by showing somecalled the profit and loss statement or P & L),
non-financial markers of success, such as the numberbalance sheet, and cash flow statement. Generally,
of full-time employees, number of locations, number ofmore detail is given for the first three years by
products sold in a year, and number of clients. Readersshowing quarterly results. Additional statements should
will look to see that the growth described in thisthen show annual results for the first five years.
summary seems attainable from the marketThe income statement shows the revenues and
opportunity and size given as well as the strength ofexpenses (grouped into appropriate categories), and
the marketing and operations plans and thethe profit or loss for each period. The balance sheet
management's means to execute them.shows the breakdown of assets, liabilities and owner's
Sources and Uses of Fundsequity in the business at given points of time. The cash
Within the financial section there should be details onflow statement shows the cash inflows and outflows
the funding requirement for the business and who thefrom normal operations, investment in the business, and
funders will be. If any funding is secured already, this isfinancing from lenders and investors. The advice of an
certainly information to mention. However, if all fundingaccountant or business plan consultant familiar with
is still uncertain, this section should at least describe thedrafting these statements is recommended to make
type of funders that are being targeted. The uses ofsure that you get them right.
the funds should then be detailed, showing what the