Ten Important Things to Think About When Writing a Business Plan

1. Whether you are raising money, borrowing it, orbusiness idea represents.
financing a new business yourself, you should force7. The financial statements you include in your business
yourself to put into writing a detailed business plan forplan should span three years with Year 1 broken down
what you have in mind. Without one, you most likely willinto 12 months and Years 2 & 3 broken down into
be unsuccessful at obtaining money. With one you canquarters. They should contain both profit and loss and
guide yourself and your management team throughcash flow statements. Two important elements you
the entire start-up process in an organized andshould include in the financial section of your business
successful manner. That being said, having a writtenplan is a clear statement of the assumptions that
business plan is a must.underlay your projected numbers and the obvious use
2. If you are raising money for your business, youof a conservative approach in projecting those
should first carefully think about who potentially will benumbers. Be thoughtful in your assumptions. Make
providing the funds to start the business. For example,them easy for your reader to understand. Base them
if you are hoping to borrow from a bank, your planon facts gleaned from your research that appear
should clearly address the risks involved in the businesselsewhere in your business plan. Always take the
with emphasis on the new business's ability to paylower side of any range of figures.
back any loans obtained. If you are soliciting fundsThe important thing is for the numbers to work ie
from investors or venture capitalists, your plan shouldpayoff the loans or give a reasonable return on
emphasize the business's growth potential and it'sinvestment. Bankers and investors are not impressed
subsequent return on invested capital. At every stepby big, optimistic numbers. They see them all the time.
of the way, you should be conscious of writing FORThey are usually persuaded by that "compelling
and TO the targeted reader of your business plan.reason" why the business has a good chance of
3. Making a detailed outline of what you have in mind issucceeding and reassured that the projected numbers
probably the most important thing you can do beforeare achievable because they are obviously
you actually start writing your plan. Take your time andconservative. Let their imaginations take your financial
give your outline a lot of thought. Organize yourprojections to higher, exciting levels on their own time.
thoughts in simple phrases or sentences and number8. Your business plan should contain detailed resumes
and letter each phrase or sentence. Break down bigof the principal people who will be involved in and/or
topics into smaller, detailed lists of specific things thatrunning the new business. The resume section is often
must be researched or said. Composing a detailedthe second place venture capitalists go when they pick
outline can be tedious, but don't slack off on this crucialup a business plan. They first read the executive
part of the process. Writing from a carefully writtensummary to get a general idea of what the business is
outline will give your business plan a definite beginning,all about, and then they go to the resume section to
middle, and end.see who the players are. If they don't see competent,
4. A business plan will achieve its objectives only if it isproven people with direct, related industry experience,
credible. Credibility is established by the people who willthey often discard the business plan right then and
be involved in the venture and how various verifiablethere. So be thoughtful on who you bring into the
facts and statistics are used to support the proposedbusiness and carefully design their resumes to highlight
business idea. The industry or market niche in whichpast experience and accomplishments that directly
the business will compete must be extensivelyrelate to your proposed business idea.
researched. So too must the targeted customers of9. The Executive Summary should appear as the first
the business be analyzed and discussed. Much effortsection of your business plan and should be the last
should be expended to thoroughly research thesesection you write. It is a synopsis of the business idea
subjects by using information found in libraries, on theyou have already carefully organized and written. It
Internet, and from companies with pertinent databasesshould give a broad overview of what the idea is, and
for sale.should, in a page or two, give the reader a clear
Another source of credible information can beunderstanding of what the proposed business
obtained by interviewing industry experts, suppliers,specifically does, into what industry it falls, what broad
competitors, and even potential customers themselves.economic climate and competitive conditions exist
The depth of knowledge and insight that can bewithin that industry, and what general elements of the
conveyed in the business plan as a result of thoroughbusiness idea give the proposed business a chance of
research will go far to solidify the needed aura ofbeing successful.
credibility. Remember to keep track of where youIt should contain summary figures on the return on
sourced your information so that it can be properlyinvestment or the loan payback. The Executive
footnoted in your business plan. Footnotes add toSummary is the first section the reader will examine
credibility.so take your time with it, be concise and
5. Be organized from the start. You will be surprised atcomprehensive, and consider it to be almost like an
how much information you can collect in a very shortadvertisement for your business idea. It should have a
period of time. It is imperative that you collect andton of optimism as opposed to the factual and
organize your information in a manner that conformsobjective tone you want the rest of your business plan
with your outline. Set up labeled files at the onset. Havesections to have. The Executive Summary is often the
a separate, secure place to store them. Plan up frontonly shot you have at capturing the reader's attention,
how you will collect and organize information gatheredso be thoughtful when writing it.
from the Internet on your computer. And don't justRemember, most venture capitalists and bankers have
copy information from the Internet.stacks of business plans filling their offices waiting to
Keep track of the addresses from where thebe read. Often junior members of the firm are given
information came, in the likely event that you maythe task of doing the initial sort before a plan will reach
want to revisit some sites for clarification or additionalthe eyes of a decision making partner or officer. The
information. It sounds old fashioned, but keep paperperson who first reads your Executive Summary thus
and pen on your person and on your nightstand at allhas the power to reject your proposal but usually not
times. Write down every fleeting thought that comesthe power to approve it. He only passes it on, and if
into your head. In the busy pursuit of information, it'sthe Executive Summary can catch his eye and make
easy to forget an idea that popped into your head thehim read further, it's done its job.
day before or in the middle of the night.10. Subconscious impressions are very important to the
6. The body of the business plan must contain thesuccess of a business plan document. How the
usual descriptive elements such as a clear statementdocument is organized, what type style is selected, the
of the business, the planned marketing strategies, asparing use of italics or bold type, how varying
thorough analysis of the competition, a description ofparagraph indentations are used all make for either a
operational procedures, an honest list of perceivedpositive or negative impression. Misspelled words are
risks, and other written sections pertinent to thedeath as are serious violations of the proper use of
business idea. But what will set your business plangrammar. Short concise sentences will communicate
apart from others will be the insertion of a "compellingbetter than long rambling ones. Your objective is
reason" why your business idea is unique. To just sayproduce a professional looking and reading document
"this business is different and therefore it will bethat clearly communicates that you and your team are
successful" probably will be ignored or discounted by aprofessionals and thus know what you are talking
sophisticated reader.about.
But if you build a story through the presentation ofPass your draft business plan by people you respect
your researched facts and take the reader to a logicaland have them proof read it and critique it. Determine if
point where the uniqueness or cleverness of youthey clearly understand the points described in it. If they
business idea becomes apparent, he will be more thandon't, go back to the drawing board and rewrite the
receptive to your idea when you state the "compellingsections in question. Take a lot of time on this final
reason" why your business idea is truly unique and willreview and edit process. It is the last and probably
work. You will have drawn him in and captured hismost important step you can take for creating a
imagination. The "compelling reason" will make himsuccessful business plan.
receptive to all the other positive attributes your